Koper Equine

Degenerative suspensory ligament desmitis (DSLD), also known as equine systemic proteoglycan accumulation (ESPA), is a complex condition affecting the connective tissue in horses. Initially thought to be a result of overwork or aging, DSLD is now recognized as hereditary and can affect horses of all ages, including foals. Recent research has prompted the consideration of renaming the disease to ESPA due to its systemic and hereditary components. In this article, we will be referring to it by its current, commonly used name DSLD.

Signs and Symptoms

Detecting DSLD in horses can be challenging initially, with symptoms such as mild lameness or sporadic discomfort. However, as the disease progresses, distinct signs emerge, including heat, swelling, and pain in the suspensory ligaments. A dropped fetlock joint and altered gait may also become evident. While DSLD was once believed to only affect the legs, microscopic examination has revealed its systemic nature, impacting various tissues and organs throughout the body.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact causes of DSLD remain under investigation, but genetic predisposition and environmental factors are thought to play significant roles. Certain breeds or bloodlines may be more susceptible, and activities like racing or heavy work can exacerbate the condition. Nutritional imbalances or deficiencies may also contribute.

Diagnosis

Your veterinarian will typically diagnose DSLD through a combination of clinical examination and diagnostic imaging techniques such as ultrasound and radiography. In some cases, a biopsy may be required for definitive confirmation, although genetic testing for DSLD is still in the developmental stages.

Care and Management Strategies

While there is currently no way to fully cure DSLD, efforts focus on managing symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. Strategies include rest, anti-inflammatory medications prescribed by your Vet, supportive bandaging, corrective shoeing, and careful exercise and manual therapy. Certain alternative therapies like acupuncture, carefully applied chiropractic adjustments, and massage can be helpful. (more on this at the end).

Prognosis and Prevention

The prognosis for DSLD can vary, with some horses experiencing gradual deterioration in mobility and comfort. Early intervention and comprehensive management are essential for optimizing the horse’s quality of life. Preventative measures include selective breeding, conformation evaluation, balanced nutrition, appropriate exercise, and regular veterinary care.

Conclusion

DSLD poses significant challenges for horse owners, veterinarians and caregivers, but with ongoing research and comprehensive care, affected horses can often enjoy a good quality of life. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and proactive management are critical in addressing the complexities of this condition and providing optimal support for affected horses. By staying informed and collaborating closely with veterinary professionals, horse owners can play an active role in promoting the health and well-being of their equine companions.

Massage Therapy for Horses with DSLD/ESPA

Massage therapy can be a beneficial component of care for horses with DSLD, providing comfort and support while managing the symptoms of the condition. While offering various advantages, practitioners must proceed with caution due to the potential for weakened fascial tissue and increased sensitivity in affected horses.

Massage therapy for a horse with DSLD can help in several ways:

1. Pain Relief: Massage techniques can help alleviate discomfort and reduce pain associated with DSLD, improving the horse’s overall comfort and quality of life.

2. Improved Circulation: Massage can enhance blood flow to affected areas, promoting healing and aiding in the removal of toxins and waste products from the tissues.

3. Muscle Relaxation: DSLD can cause muscle tension and stiffness due to compensatory mechanisms and altered biomechanics. Massage can help relax tight muscles, improving flexibility and range of motion.

4. Stress Reduction: Horses with DSLD may experience stress and discomfort due to their condition. Massage therapy can help reduce stress levels and promote relaxation, contributing to the horse’s well-being.

When performing massage on a horse with DSLD, the practitioner must exercise caution and adapt their techniques accordingly:

1. Gentle Approach: The practitioner should use gentle, slow, and controlled movements to avoid putting undue stress on weakened fascial tissues.

2. Avoidance of High-Impact Techniques: High-impact techniques such as deep tissue massage or vigorous manipulation should be avoided, as they can exacerbate tissue damage and discomfort.

3. Monitoring Response: The practitioner should closely monitor the horse’s response during the massage session, paying attention to signs of discomfort or distress. If the horse shows signs of discomfort, the pressure should be reduced or the technique modified accordingly.

4. Communication with Veterinarian: It’s essential for the massage therapist to communicate with the horse’s veterinarian to ensure that the treatment plan aligns with the horse’s overall health and condition.

By taking a cautious and tailored approach to massage therapy, practitioners can provide valuable support to horses with DSLD, contributing to their overall well-being while minimizing the risk of exacerbating their condition.