Recent research into bio-tensegrity has expanded to include tensions generated by systems beyond muscles. These include nervous tissue, vascular tissue, the movement of viscera, and bodily fluids (often referred to as liquid fascia). Fluids such as blood, lymph, interstitial, and intracellular fluids play a crucial role in manipulating mechanical tensions more rapidly than muscles, significantly influencing overall functionality. This highlights how the autonomic nervous system impacts the tensegrity of the horse’s body.
Fascia itself has inherent tension, continuously imparting force throughout the system. This means that intrinsic tension within the fascia, support provided by various bodily fluids, and active muscular contractions all contribute to the tension and force transference within the musculoskeletal system.
The Role of Muscle Tone in Bio-Tensegrity
Resting muscle tone within the musculoskeletal system maintains a balance of compression and tension between bones. This balance is essential for the horse to remain upright and mobile.
But what controls muscle tone?
Changes in muscle tone and posture can be achieved through:
• Nerve release
• Altering the movement and viscosity of bodily fluids
• Manipulating tensions within the myofascial system
The Influence of the Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) also directly affects muscle tone, adding complexity to how posture is controlled. Cortisol levels—driven by life situations that activate the sympathetic nervous system (the “fight or flight” response)—can significantly impact muscle tone. This connection underscores how abstract factors like stress and emotional states play a direct role in posture and movement.
These findings highlight the interconnectedness of physiological systems. Tensegrity is not solely determined by muscles and fascia but also by fluids, nerves, and even psychological influences. This holistic understanding opens new possibilities for addressing posture and mobility challenges in horses. It also explains why intentional touch (i.e. massage) can be so powerfully effective.
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